Skimming through main ideas

Skimming is a speed reading strategy used as a pre-reading technique to become familiar with expository reading text before reading in depth or as an end in itself to quickly grasp the gist of a reading passage.

As a pre-reading technique, skimming helps connect the text with any prior knowledge of the reader. Skimming also helps the reader access the story outline to provide referential context for reading. In other words, skimming helps the reader learn in advance what the gist of the reading passage is, while reminding them of any background information and knowledge of how the writing is organized that will help the reader understand the text. Used as a pre-reading technique, skimming helps prepare the reader for deeper reading.

As an end in itself, skimming is a very practical and useful skill. As a speed reading technique, it saves time and allows the reader to get the flavor of a reading passage without all the details. Skimming also allows for a wider read, if time is a factor. For example, a reader can certainly flip through many articles in the daily newspaper in the time it would take to read a few through. Many books can be skimmed for enjoyment or information once in a while and then read at a more leisurely pace later.

To skim, readers must first make use of the expository text clues and key idea cues when previewing the reading passage. Textbooks often provide important study aids that can build comprehension while skimming. Unit and chapter titles provide information about the general focus of the reading passage. Many times, the key ideas in the chapters are listed as bullet points or key questions. In social studies texts, timelines are often helpful. The first few paragraphs usually provide an introduction to the main ideas of the chapter. Subheadings and bold letters of key terms act like newspaper headlines to tell the “Who,” “What,” “Where,” “When,” and “Why” of the read. Graphics, such as images, photographs, tables, and drawings, are particularly important to examine. In fact, “a picture can be worth a thousand words.” Sometimes a concluding paragraph or summary will emphasize key concepts. Use these expository text clues or signs for effective cursory reading. It pays to practice this speed reading technique to perfection.